File Handling in Python

Python provides built-in functions to read from and write to files.

Opening a File:

file = open('filename.txt', mode)

• Modes:
  • 'r': Read (default).
  • 'w': Write (creates a new file or overwrites).
  • 'a': Append (adds to the end of the file).
  • 'r+': Read and write.

Reading from a File:

# Read entire content
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

# Read line by line
with open('example.txt', 'r') as file:
    for line in file:
        print(line.strip())

Writing to a File:

# Write to a file
with open('output.txt', 'w') as file:
    file.write("Hello, World!\n")
    file.write("This is a new line.")

# Append to a file
with open('output.txt', 'a') as file:
    file.write("\nAdding a new line at the end.")

Best Practices:

• Use with statement to ensure the file is properly closed after its suite finishes.
• Handle exceptions using try-except blocks when dealing with file operations.